Molecular Techniques and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer - 1375 Words

Molecular Techniques and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer (Coursework Sample) Content: Molecular techniques and diagnosis of breast cancerNameProgramInstitutionFaculty AdvisorProject TimelineDateIntroductionIt is currently broadly acknowledged that cancer is a complicated sickness that outcomes from the collection of various hereditary deviations inside the tissue being referred. According the five articles, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the seclusion of two cancer disease helplessness qualities, BRCA1, and BRCA2, has opened the way to the right to time recognition also, preemptive treatment of familial cancer diseasesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.1 Moreover, over-expression of another quality, erbB2, is very related with abbreviated sickness free survival and within the general survival of active patients. In light of this fact, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a bioengineered item called Herceptin may be demonstrated for the treatment of patients with metastatic bosom tumors that over-express the erbB2 item, HER-2 proteinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.2Various articles explained that in some few years various qualities whose changed structures are connected with a high danger of cancer disease have been distinguished. Four among the five taken during the statistics explained that the major forms of cancer include BRCA1, BRCA2, c-my, erbB2, and p 53. The recognizable proof of these qualities, together with fast advances in strategies for sub-atomic hereditary examination, ought to enhance the determination and treatment of this gathering of illnesses. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Allelic losses at other particular loci in breast tumors additionally may serve as prognostic elements.'3These articles survey the hereditary premise of genetic and sporadic cancer tumors and examine the clinical use of new sub-atomic information as to demonstrative testing and reconnaissance. They also à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"conduct a prognostic analysis for ladies with exceedingly chances of getting cancer infectionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.4 Other extremely particular disease treatments in light of consequences of molecular determinations will be access ible soon.In article done by SEITZ and SCHUMACHER, family history of cancer disease has long been perceived as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a critical danger variable, contributing as it does to around 10% of the total casesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.5 BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been recognized as of now as tumor silencer qualities connected with familial cancer development. In this article, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"we survey late discoveries, including some from our examination that have uncovered some fundamental hereditary systems of cancerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.6Molecular diagnosisLOH for prognosis of breast cancerAll the articles examined and reported the importance of LOH as prognostic figure breast cancers. Looked at whether particular allelic misfortunes may correspond with postoperative survival. In a 5-year forthcoming subsequent we tried tumors from a partner of 264 breast cancer patients for allelic losses of 18 microsatellite markers. Speaking of either a known tumor silencer quality or a locale where hereditary modification s are visited in bosom tumors. In the article à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Molecular diagnostics current research and applicationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬, Huggett8 found out that patients with tumors that lacked an allele at 1p34, 13q12, 17p13.3, or 17q21.1. This managed fundamentally higher dangers of post-operative mortality than those whose tumors held both alleles at those loci at the season of introductory surgery. These concur with those of Kessler in his article the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Molecular diagnostics of infectious diseasesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬. In the article Kessler10 explains how the loss of allele at 1p34 and 13q12 in tumors of cancer patients increased the post-operative danger in the patients.However, these findings contrasted with those of Kaplan-Meier's examination of general survival which uncovered that postoperative mortality danger. It can be attributed to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"an expansion in patients whose tumors demonstrated LOH at this locus and patients whose tumors held both alleles (log-rank test)à ƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.7 He presumed that allelic losses at these four loci could serve as negative prognostic pointers to guide postoperative administration of patients. The assumption that resulted from these findings contrasted to those of the earlier findings by Kessler and Huggett in their separate articles which brings up discussion on which proposition is right.Postoperative forecast and LOH in node-negative breast cancerThe à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"visualization for patients whose bosom growths have not metastasized to lymph hubs (node-negative breast cancer) has always been believed to be superiorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.9 This is compared to that of patients with metastasis in previous studies. According to the article Veterinary infection biology: molecular diagnostics and high-throughput strategies by Cunha and Inacio5 found out that 10% of node-negative patients in Japan experience backslides inside of 10 years of introductory surgery.On account of this disparity, they analyzed tumors from an associate of 228 node-negative breast cancer patients for allelic misfortunes at 18 microsatellite loci. Speaking of either known tumor silencer qualities or locales where bosom growths regularly show allelic losses.According to the article à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ by Kessler's10 further ascertained that people whose tumors lacked an allele at 1p34à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬36 were exposed to higher risks of a postoperative repeat. However, those whose tumors held both alleles in that area had lesser chances of repeated risks. The study found out à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a 5-year repeat rate was 15% among patients with misfortunes versus 2% among patients with maintenanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.10. Multivariate investigation exhibited that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"allelic misfortune at 1p34à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬36 was a free postoperative indicator of shorter illness free survival (risk proportion, 5.8; p0.0117)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.11 Subsequently, the study found out that the allele misfortune at 1p34à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬36 in a tumor may have the capability of serving as a negative prognostic marker to guide postoperative administration of numerous bosom disease patients.Technological molecular diagnosisA variety of techniques is applied in the diagnosis of cancer; however this article only summarizes the most critical fundamental of the method used.Spectral karyotype imagingThe articles Principles of molecular diagnostics and personalized cancer medicine by Tan Lynch and Veterinary infection biology also discuss molecular diagnostics and high-throughput strategies by Cunha Inacio5. They explained that spectral karyotype imaging is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"concerned with the utilization of the 23 arrangements of chromosome-particular "painting" testsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.12 Every test is named with fluctuating extents of three fluorescent colors, which permits every chromosome pair to be marked by a light of particular unearthly outflow. An essential part of this innovation is the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"utilization of an "interferometer" identical to the ones used by astronauts for separating light spectra transmitted by distinctive starsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.13 The light varieties in colors, imperceptible by the human eye, are distinguished by this electronic gadget, which then reassigns a simple to recognize visual shading to every pair of chromosomes.The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"findings supplemented traditional cytogenetic, by isolating cells at their metaphase stage using spectral karyotype imagingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.14 The cell karyotype is portrayed on the computerized screen, adjusted by pair shading and numeric request. The pathologist can then promptly distinguish any numerical chromosomal anomalies or any moving in shaded chromosomal segments (translocations). Previously, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"incomprehensible complex translocations happening in tumor cells (breast cancer cells) can now be determined by spectral karyotype imagingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.15 It prompts examination of "marker chromosomes" made out of an amalgam of pieces from distinctive chromosomes.ConclusionQualiti... Molecular Techniques and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer - 1375 Words Molecular Techniques and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer (Coursework Sample) Content: Molecular techniques and diagnosis of breast cancerNameProgramInstitutionFaculty AdvisorProject TimelineDateIntroductionIt is currently broadly acknowledged that cancer is a complicated sickness that outcomes from the collection of various hereditary deviations inside the tissue being referred. According the five articles, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the seclusion of two cancer disease helplessness qualities, BRCA1, and BRCA2, has opened the way to the right to time recognition also, preemptive treatment of familial cancer diseasesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.1 Moreover, over-expression of another quality, erbB2, is very related with abbreviated sickness free survival and within the general survival of active patients. In light of this fact, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a bioengineered item called Herceptin may be demonstrated for the treatment of patients with metastatic bosom tumors that over-express the erbB2 item, HER-2 proteinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.2Various articles explained that in some few years various qualities whose changed structures are connected with a high danger of cancer disease have been distinguished. Four among the five taken during the statistics explained that the major forms of cancer include BRCA1, BRCA2, c-my, erbB2, and p 53. The recognizable proof of these qualities, together with fast advances in strategies for sub-atomic hereditary examination, ought to enhance the determination and treatment of this gathering of illnesses. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Allelic losses at other particular loci in breast tumors additionally may serve as prognostic elements.'3These articles survey the hereditary premise of genetic and sporadic cancer tumors and examine the clinical use of new sub-atomic information as to demonstrative testing and reconnaissance. They also à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"conduct a prognostic analysis for ladies with exceedingly chances of getting cancer infectionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.4 Other extremely particular disease treatments in light of consequences of molecular determinations will be access ible soon.In article done by SEITZ and SCHUMACHER, family history of cancer disease has long been perceived as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a critical danger variable, contributing as it does to around 10% of the total casesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.5 BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been recognized as of now as tumor silencer qualities connected with familial cancer development. In this article, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"we survey late discoveries, including some from our examination that have uncovered some fundamental hereditary systems of cancerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.6Molecular diagnosisLOH for prognosis of breast cancerAll the articles examined and reported the importance of LOH as prognostic figure breast cancers. Looked at whether particular allelic misfortunes may correspond with postoperative survival. In a 5-year forthcoming subsequent we tried tumors from a partner of 264 breast cancer patients for allelic losses of 18 microsatellite markers. Speaking of either a known tumor silencer quality or a locale where hereditary modification s are visited in bosom tumors. In the article à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Molecular diagnostics current research and applicationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬, Huggett8 found out that patients with tumors that lacked an allele at 1p34, 13q12, 17p13.3, or 17q21.1. This managed fundamentally higher dangers of post-operative mortality than those whose tumors held both alleles at those loci at the season of introductory surgery. These concur with those of Kessler in his article the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Molecular diagnostics of infectious diseasesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬. In the article Kessler10 explains how the loss of allele at 1p34 and 13q12 in tumors of cancer patients increased the post-operative danger in the patients.However, these findings contrasted with those of Kaplan-Meier's examination of general survival which uncovered that postoperative mortality danger. It can be attributed to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"an expansion in patients whose tumors demonstrated LOH at this locus and patients whose tumors held both alleles (log-rank test)à ƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.7 He presumed that allelic losses at these four loci could serve as negative prognostic pointers to guide postoperative administration of patients. The assumption that resulted from these findings contrasted to those of the earlier findings by Kessler and Huggett in their separate articles which brings up discussion on which proposition is right.Postoperative forecast and LOH in node-negative breast cancerThe à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"visualization for patients whose bosom growths have not metastasized to lymph hubs (node-negative breast cancer) has always been believed to be superiorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.9 This is compared to that of patients with metastasis in previous studies. According to the article Veterinary infection biology: molecular diagnostics and high-throughput strategies by Cunha and Inacio5 found out that 10% of node-negative patients in Japan experience backslides inside of 10 years of introductory surgery.On account of this disparity, they analyzed tumors from an associate of 228 node-negative breast cancer patients for allelic misfortunes at 18 microsatellite loci. Speaking of either known tumor silencer qualities or locales where bosom growths regularly show allelic losses.According to the article à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ by Kessler's10 further ascertained that people whose tumors lacked an allele at 1p34à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬36 were exposed to higher risks of a postoperative repeat. However, those whose tumors held both alleles in that area had lesser chances of repeated risks. The study found out à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a 5-year repeat rate was 15% among patients with misfortunes versus 2% among patients with maintenanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.10. Multivariate investigation exhibited that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"allelic misfortune at 1p34à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬36 was a free postoperative indicator of shorter illness free survival (risk proportion, 5.8; p0.0117)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.11 Subsequently, the study found out that the allele misfortune at 1p34à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬36 in a tumor may have the capability of serving as a negative prognostic marker to guide postoperative administration of numerous bosom disease patients.Technological molecular diagnosisA variety of techniques is applied in the diagnosis of cancer; however this article only summarizes the most critical fundamental of the method used.Spectral karyotype imagingThe articles Principles of molecular diagnostics and personalized cancer medicine by Tan Lynch and Veterinary infection biology also discuss molecular diagnostics and high-throughput strategies by Cunha Inacio5. They explained that spectral karyotype imaging is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"concerned with the utilization of the 23 arrangements of chromosome-particular "painting" testsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.12 Every test is named with fluctuating extents of three fluorescent colors, which permits every chromosome pair to be marked by a light of particular unearthly outflow. An essential part of this innovation is the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"utilization of an "interferometer" identical to the ones used by astronauts for separating light spectra transmitted by distinctive starsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.13 The light varieties in colors, imperceptible by the human eye, are distinguished by this electronic gadget, which then reassigns a simple to recognize visual shading to every pair of chromosomes.The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"findings supplemented traditional cytogenetic, by isolating cells at their metaphase stage using spectral karyotype imagingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.14 The cell karyotype is portrayed on the computerized screen, adjusted by pair shading and numeric request. The pathologist can then promptly distinguish any numerical chromosomal anomalies or any moving in shaded chromosomal segments (translocations). Previously, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"incomprehensible complex translocations happening in tumor cells (breast cancer cells) can now be determined by spectral karyotype imagingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬.15 It prompts examination of "marker chromosomes" made out of an amalgam of pieces from distinctive chromosomes.ConclusionQualiti...

What Security Manager Can Do For Prevent White Collar Crime

3 Essay [Student?s Name] [Name of Institute] [Date] Essay What Security Manager can do to Prevent White-Collar Crime? Introduction The variety, breadth and complexity of the information systems acquire, required or available to the contemporary organizations today, along with the ever-changing dynamics observed in the information, communications and technology have led to the major changes in organizations, markets and broadly in society. Some of them are changes that in addition to its undeniable advantages have simultaneously brought threats, risks and spectra of uncertainty for individuals and organizations, on the stages of internet, intranet, technology development, information management and communication. One of the most serious negative manifestations is the emergence of new kinds of white-collar crimes. The advancement of computer technology and its influence on almost all areas of social and business life have emerged illicit behaviour called generically computer crimes, which have opened a wide range of risks and also study and research in disciplines legal and technical, but especially in those associated with security management. Hence, in order to explore possible solutions or ways of preventing white-collar crimes through security management, it?s highly important to understand the context and consequences of cybercrime and applicable regulations and security strategies, in contemporary business and social environment. The aim of this essay is toShow MoreRelated The Tragedy of White-Collar Crime Essay examples932 Words   |  4 Pageshedge fund manager and financial instrument such as credit default swaps are not words not known to everyday citizens. The economic downturn forced society to ask question not normally asked. 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The creation and passing of the act was so tremendous that â€Å"in the opinion of most observers of securities legislation† Sarbanes-Oxley was â€Å"viewed as the most i mportant new law enacted since the passage of the Securities and Exchange Act

Cultural and Ethnic Studies - 682 Words

Once you’ve already decided what topic you will be writing about, the next thing you should pay attention to is the scope of your paper or what you will be including in your discussion. The broader your topic is, the more difficult it is to discuss your topic in full details. This is why you should establish before hand the scope and limitations of your paper and this will be the foundation of your research paper outline. Basically, your outline will constitute three main parts namely the Introduction, the Body and the Conclusion. But to make sure your paper is complete, consult your instructor for specific parts he/she wants to be included in your research paper. Sample outlines for research papers will be given later on. But first, let†¦show more content†¦Introduction A. Definition of Asbestos Poisoning B. Significance of the Study C. Definition of Terms II. Body D. Symptoms of Asbestos Poisoning E. Effects of Asbestos Poisoning F. Treatments III. Conclusion G. Con clusion H. 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Natural History of Emphysema

Question: Discuss about the Natural History of Emphysema. Answer: Introduction The Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the commonest respiratory disorder caused by two distinct pathological entities i.e. emphysema and chronic bronchitis. These two entities mostly occur together in varying proportion in the same patient. Emphysema is an obstructive lung disease leading to obstruction in the airways due to loss of elastic recoil properties of the lungs. It is a progressive disease with over-inflation of alveoli (alveoli are the air sacs within the lungs) leading to the destruction of air passages. In response to alveolar tissue loss, there occurs premature closure of airways on expiration causing shortness of breath. Epidemiology Factors causing Initiation and progression of the disease are unclear. Male sex, smoking, age, and anthracosis grade are the noticeable factors affecting the development of emphysema. The Process of destruction usually takes 20 years to manifest clinically(Polkey,2009). Pathology The lungs are found in chest cavity on either side i.e. right and left side. The lungs are divided into lobes: right lung has three lobes i.e. lower, middle and upper lobe whereas left lung has two lobes i.e. upper and lower. (Nene,2011) Air enters the lungs via trachea (windpipe). Emphysema develops in response to inhaled irritants as a chronic inflammatory reaction. This inflammatory state is summed up by severe bacterial infection. Macrophages, eosinophils, granulocytes and neutrophils are the inflammatory cells transporting the antigen to BALT (bronchial associated lymphatic tissue layer) leading to epithelium damage of the lung. Tc1 lymphocytes are involved in persons who smoke. Lung damage is brought about by oxidative stress (due to the presence of free radicals in cigarette smokers) and connective tissue breakdown in the lungs. This connective tissue breakdown in the lungs leads to emphysema. Inflammation and scarring occur within the lungs which further narrows the airways. This narrowing contributes to entrapment of air into the alveolar sac leading to shortness of breath. Exhalation becomes more difficult as the pressure in chest becomes more due to entrapped air leading to hyperinflation(Theorotical analysis,2003). The airway repair process further exacerbates the anatomical derangements by neovascularisation and abnormal fibroblastic development. It leads to bronchial edema (by mucus hyperplasia), hypertrophy of smooth muscles and fibrosis resulting in further narrowing of smaller airways. Clinical presentation Non-audible, quiet breath sounds due to increased thoracic volume Use of accessory muscles of respiration On inspiration, supraclavicular fossae and intercostals spaces are drawn in. On inspiration, exaggerated jugular venous emptying On expiration, jugular venous distend A-P diameter of chest increases affecting chest expansion Right ventricular hypertrophy develops Symptoms Patients presents with wheezy breathlessness without or with a productive cough. Some complaints of more sputum production in the early morning. With the presence of infection, sputum becomes more copious and purulent. Breathlessness is more commonly seen while climbing stairs or inclined walking. According to carbon dioxide retention and under-ventilation, patients can be classified into two main groups:- Blue-bloater: these patients are obese with the production of copious infected sputum accompanied by breathlessness and wheezing. Hypoxemia and hypercapnia are seen during acute attacks. Blue bloaters show severe airflow obstruction with normal lung capacities but increased residual volume. Pink-puffers: these patients are thin with no sputum production and are severely breathless at rest. Severe airway obstruction can be seen with increased lung capacity. Their sensitivity remains normal to carbon dioxide saturation. Affects of emphysema on the surrounding structures Emphysema affects the surrounding structures to a greater extent. All lung volumes will be reduced esp. FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second), PEFR (peak expiratory flow rate), and FVC (forced vital capacity). In chronic conditions, FEV1 and PEFR are reduced to markable level. Emphysema affects the anatomical structures of lungs in an irreversible manner. The acute effect of emphysema is patient's difficulty in breathing. Patients may have effortful breathing after exercise, in hot weather, and in stressful situations. Fatigue is a more common effect, caused by a decrease in oxygen supply to the body. As the disease progress, Patients develop anxiety and weight loss. Oedema (fluid collects in the extremities) in emphysematic patients also affects the body. Investigation Sputum culture is done to rule out the invading organism (H.influenzae and S. Pneumomiae) During infection, Blood count shows polymorphonuclear leucocytosis. Chest X-Ray showed reduced vascular markings and increased radiolucency of lung fields. Common interventions The main objective of treatment is to relieve airway obstruction. For Infections: Infecting organisms are usually H.influenzae or S.pneumoniae. therefore, suitable oral antibiotic regimes (co-trimoxazole, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Oxytetracycline etc.) Are advised for 5-7 days.(Goyal,2008) For Breathlessness: Bronchodilator therapy is very effective. They are administered as aerosols such as terbutalin, salbutamol, or rimiterol. Systemic corticosteroids can also be given in patients with severe airway obstruction. For hypoxia Oxygen therapy is given to avoid danger of carbon dioxide retention Long run management include: Patients must be advised to stop smoking.(Bednarak,2009) Obese patients are advised to lose weight as this may improve exercise tolerance. Physiotherapy: Physiotherapy focuses on three main problems in emphysema patients i.e. breathlessness, decreased exercise tolerance and increased secretions. Chest clearance programs are very effective with postural drainage. Breathing exercises (diaphragmatic breathing exercises) are for controlling breath during attacks of dyspnoea. (Kant,2006).Pulmonary rehabilitation is done in each patient to improve and prevent the disease. Common Complication Heart failure Pneumonia Lung infections Pneumothorax cor pulmonale i.e. right ventricular failure and pulmonary hypertension. Bullae may develop large enough to compress surrounding lung area.(Meyers,2009) Prognosis Progression and severity of emphysema predict the prognosis of the disease. Emphysema staging help determines the life expectancy of the patient.(Jama,2005) According to GOLD emphysema staging: Stage I. Mild emphysema- FEV1 80% of normal StageII. Moderate emphysema- FEV1 50% of normal Stage III. Severe emphysema- FEV1 30% of normal Stage IV. Very severe- FEV1 30% of normal Higher the patient emphysema staging, lower their life expectancy. Conclusion This report concludes that emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease causing irreversible damage to lung tissue. Smoking is the major causative factor in its onset. Severity and progression of the disease determine the life expectancy of the person suffering from emphysema. New studies are still going on for the early diagnosis and treatment of emphysema. References Bednarek, M., Gorecka, D., Wielgomas, J., Czajkowska-Malinowska, M., Regula, J., Mieszko-Filipczyk, G., Jasionowicz, M., Bijata-Bronisz, R., Lempicka-Jastrzebska, M., Czajkowski, M., Przybylski, G. and Zielinski, J. (2006). Smokers with airway obstruction are more likely to quit smoking. Respiratory Medicine: COPD Update, 2(3), pp.104-105. Kant, S. and Singh, G. (2006). Breathing exercises as adjuvant in the management of COPD : An overview. Lung India, 23(4), p.165. Kemp, S., Polkey, M. and Shah, P. (2009). The Epidemiology, Etiology, Clinical Features, and Natural History of Emphysema. Thoracic Surgery Clinics, 19(2), pp.149-158. Kumar, M., Goyal, A., Gupta, N. and Rautela, R. (2015). Subcutaneous emphysema: Unique presentation of a foreign body in the airway. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol, 31(3), p.404. Mechanical Events In Physiopathology Of Idiopathic Pulmonary Emphysema: A Theoretical Analysis. (2002). The Internet Journal of Pathology, 2(2). Prognosis. (2005). JAMA, 293(5), p.623. Veeramachaneni, N. and Meyers, B. (2007). Complications in Patients with Severe Emphysema. Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 19(4), pp.343-349. Nene, A. (2011). Lung lobes and fissures: a morphological study. Anatomy (International Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy), 5, pp.30-38.

Are There Any CBest Test Essay Samples That Are Really Similar to My Paper?

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Essay Topics For Environmental Issues - Increase Interest

Essay Topics For Environmental Issues - Increase InterestThere are many essay topics for environmental issues that can be used to increase the interest of your students in environmental education. It is one of the most promising areas of writing for students.Since writing essays on such topics is essential for achieving a passing grade, you will want to find the most effective topics to help you do so. You will need to consider the requirements of your student, as well as their interests and objectives when you do so.There are many personal experiences and observations that students can draw from about the environment. You can read books, articles, or see films that discuss subjects concerning the environment. These can be insightful in raising the overall interest of the students in their class.The essay topics for environmental issues can be based on scientific evidence, detailed facts, or even anecdotes. To appeal to the potentials of your students, you should make sure that the t opic you choose is actually relevant to their area of interest.If you are unsure what specific subject would be the major environmental concern of a given class, you may choose to write a more general essay. After all, students usually like to talk about current events and issues, so they may be more likely to enjoy this type of essay.For example, if your students are interested in issues surrounding global warming, you may write an essay topic on topics involving the cause, effects, and recovery of global warming. Make sure that you include specific information on the topics, such as how an event or process caused global warming, or that an item of clothing or food caused it.While the topic of the essay on environmental issues is not always straightforward, there are several things that you can do to ensure that it is successful. Choose the appropriate topic for your students and make sure that you have gathered the necessary data to support your claims. Finally, make sure that you research the topic thoroughly before you begin writing.

Get the Scoop on How to Start a College Scholarship Essay Samples Before Youre Too Late

Get the Scoop on How to Start a College Scholarship Essay Samples Before You're Too Late Imagine that you're standing in a sea of the rest of the students that are applying for the identical scholarship. In some instances, you might find it challenging to compose as a result of inadequate abilities, and thus a sample winning scholarship essays would provide the guidance you will need. Instead, mention the way your education can assist your career. In any case, the scholarship will give me the opportunity to advance my interpersonal skills at a greater level. It's simple to point out an essay that's been written solely for the interest of it. Even though this kind of essay should only be 250 words long, you should organize your ideas beforehand. You won't have the ability to compose an outstanding essay in case you don't devote your soul to it. For quite a few, telling a story is the simplest and best approach to compose a scholarship essay. 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You will need to bear in mind that you shouldn't undervalue the significance of a strong introduction, particularly when it concerns the opening line. You also ought to prevent transitions such as To conclude or I'll start by discussing.